Kidney stones form when there is a prevalence of stone-forming substances in the urine, such as calcium, oxalate, and uric acid and not enough fluid to dilute these substances. To determine the cause of stone formation, patients may undergo a 24-hour urine collection process. Based on the findings, a number of preventative measures can be taken, including:
- Increased water intake
- Less oxalate-rich foods
- A diet low in salt and animal protein
- A cessation of calcium supplements
- Medication